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技术路线 5

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Optimal design of steel portal frames based on genetic algorithms

CHEN Yue, HU Kai

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 318-322 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0055-1

摘要： As for the optimal design of steel portal frames, due to both the complexity of cross selections of beams and columns and the discreteness of design variables, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results by traditional optimization. Based on a set of constraints of the Technical Specification for Light-weighted Steel Portal Frames of China, a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization program for portal frames, written in MATLAB code, was proposed in this paper. The graph user interface (GUI) is also developed for this optimal program, so that it can be used much more conveniently. Finally, some examples illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the genetic-algorithm-based optimal program.

关键词： satisfactory genetic-algorithm-based Technical Specification algorithm efficiency

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重大工程项目须实行《工程师制度》

张肇伸

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第9期页码 1-8

摘要：

详细介绍了国外顾问工程师管理土木工程的工作程序，论述了我国在土木工程投标文件编制、施工技术规范、开标以及施工中的材料与工艺试验等方面的有待改进之处。建议我国所有的土木工程施工合同都写上已由国外引进的土木工程施工合同条款以及由设计工程师编写的施工技术规范，才有望防止土木工程界的腐败行为，建成百年之内决不会垮塌的工程。

关键词：工程师制度土木工程施工合同条款施工技术规范

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超长大规格高强悬索桥主缆单元索股制造技术研究

张海良,沈旺,李刚,郭健

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第7期页码 8-12

摘要：

以西堠门大桥国产1 770 MPa主缆索股制作技术为基础，进一步研究超长（≥4 250 m）大规格（≥169丝）高强度（1 860 MPa等级）主缆单元索股制造技术，同时对主缆索股的水平收放索技术和装置进行进一步的研究，为特大跨径悬索桥主缆单元索股的制造提供技术研究基础。

关键词：特大跨径大规格 1860 MPa等级 4250 m 疲劳试验放索试验

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Pathway to energy technical innovation and commercialization based on Internet plus DES

Huiping LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 65-78 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0391-5

摘要： The distributed energy system (DES) is a type of energy cascade utilization on the client side or close to the client, and it has become an important option of global energy transformation. In China, based on the experience of demonstration projects, the DES is now being commercialized. Under the new opportunity of energy production and consumption promoted by the national “Internet Plus” action plan, the development of the DES was reviewed in this paper; four categories of market demand and five key issues for DES deployment were analyzed; five types of potential DES users and five key points of technical path implementation proposed based on many years of engineering practices and hundreds of project case studies were proposed. 4E elements should be used to evaluate and choose the project and lead the innovation model of DES by energy production and consumption revolution with the sustainable development of the Internet plus DES. The future innovation models include intelligent energy modularity and menu-type services with the demands of the client side, and the kind of new thinking for DES services that “you are in charge of your own energy production and consumption, while we are also at service when needed for installation and maintenance.” The aim of innovation mode is to give the energy sovereign back to the people, and form a perfect Internet plus DES ecosystem.

关键词： “Internet Plus” distributed energy system (DES) business model technical innovation commercialization DES industry ecosystem energy revolution

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Family planning technical services in China

Shang-Chun WU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 285-289 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0097-3

摘要： Family planning is a basic state policy in China. Its aim is to control population growth and to enhance population quality. Technical services are the key measures for implementing the family planning policy. In order to ensure that people use safe, effective, and appropriate contraceptive methods based on the government’s commitment, China has established countrywide family planning service networks down to the township level. The people can access various and convenient contraceptive services. In urban areas, all contraceptive services are free. The contraceptive prevalence rate in 2007 was 84.6%, the percentage of intrauterine device (IUD) was 52.3%, that of female sterilization was 32.3%, and that of vasectomy was 6.1%. This means that more than 90% of married childbearing couples were using long-term contraceptives. At the same time, the government gives priority to supporting research on contraceptive technology. Studies’ results have provided scientific evidence for development, introduction, and expansion of contraceptive methods, and also for establishment and revision of the technical guidelines. Great efforts have been made in promoting “human-oriented and client-centered” services during the recent ten years. Remarkable success has been achieved in improving the quality of technical services.

关键词： family planning contraceptive method service delivery

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Creating technical heritage object replicas in a virtual environment

Olga EGOROVA,Dmitry SHCHERBININ

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 108-115 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0363-4

摘要：

The paper presents innovative informatics methods for creating virtual technical heritage replicas, which are of significant scientific and practical importance not only to researchers but to the public in general. By performing 3D modeling and animation of aircrafts, spaceships, architectural-engineering buildings, and other technical objects, the process of learning is achieved while promoting the preservation of the replicas for future generations. Modern approaches based on the wide usage of computer technologies attract a greater number of young people to explore the history of science and technology and renew their interest in the field of mechanical engineering.

关键词： 3D document history of science and technology technical knowledge popularization virtual environment replica mechanism and machine science (MMS)

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On Social-technical Control of Safety Development in Economic Transition Background

Xue-qiu He,Song Li

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 234-240 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015025

摘要： Industrial safety and economic growth, two vital and inextricable forces affecting national culture and development, are worthy of much more interest and attention than this article can hope to generate. Following economic growth, industrial safety remains as a high priority in this nation’s quest for sustainable development. At present, while China is on its way to transforming its economic structure and growth models, talk of industrial safety appears with special regularity, for it also is undergoing profound changes as an important facet of modern China.

关键词： safety development economic growth economic transition social-technical control

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IMPACTS OF TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE ADOPTION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND BIOPESTICIDES AMONG FARMERS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 31-47 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023482

摘要：

● Farmer adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides was found to be positively correlated.

关键词： biopesticides green production organic fertilizer technical environment

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旋挖挤扩灌注桩设计方法探讨

陈飞,陈立宏

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第1期页码 60-64

摘要：

桥梁和房屋建筑受力特点不同，因此铁路、公路以及工民建行业在桩基承载力计算上有着不同的认识和理解，特别是在桩端阻力的处理上很不一样。三岔双向挤扩灌注桩是近年来兴起的一种多点支承的新型变截面桩，其盘阻力占到了总承载力较大的比例，往往超过30 %。在设计该桩型时，采用不同行业规范将出现较大的差异。通过研究不同规范中的计算方法，并依据已有详细准确资料的18个工程，对DX桩在铁路工程中的设计方法进行了研究。

关键词： DX桩承载力规范设计方法

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Influences of Technical Innovation Mode on Innovation Strategy of Energy Enterprises

Lu Zhang,Dan-dan Wang,Min Wang,Ning Hui

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第3期页码 283-289 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016048

摘要： Technical innovation is the core for enterprise competence and sustaining. Technical innovation strategy is the policy which the enterprise carries out for technology innovation in a long term. The paper took the practice of the technology innovation strategy in PetroChina Chang- qing Oilfield Company as a case study, and illustrated the significance, function and features of the self-developed technology innovation, cooperation development technology innovation and introduction-innovation based on the strategy structure of the energy enterprises. The suggestions for technology innovation strategy structure for large energy enterprise were proposed in the paper.

关键词： energy enterprise technical innovation innovation strategy

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基于体系能力的舰船装备保障工程规划

朱石坚

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第10期页码 71-76

摘要：

针对舰船装备保障这一复杂巨系统工程管理实际，结合保障能力建设综合性、系统性、复杂性等特点，研究了舰船装备保障目标确定及分解方法，分析了军民融合式保障发展规律和需求，提出了基于装备通用化程度、技术含量、使用频率和保障风险的保障分工决策模型，研究了按体系构建保障能力的管理框架与建设路线。工程实践表明，该方法能够满足新形势对舰船装备保障的要求，有效提高舰船装备保障工程质量和效益，持续保持舰船装备战备完好性水平，实现复杂巨系统工程管理的科学化和规范化。

关键词：工程管理舰船装备技术保障规划

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Evaluating R&D efficiency of China’s listed lithium battery enterprises

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 473-485 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0213-5

摘要： Promoting the growth of the lithium battery sector has been a critical aspect of China’s energy policy in terms of achieving carbon neutrality. However, despite significant support on research and development (R&D) investments that have resulted in increasing size, the sector seems to be falling behind in technological areas. To guide future policies and understand proper ways of promoting R&D efficiency, we looked into the lithium battery industry of China. Specifically, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used as the primary approach based on evidence from 22 listed lithium battery enterprises. The performance of the five leading players was compared with that of the industry as a whole. Results revealed little indication of a meaningful improvement in R&D efficiency throughout our sample from 2010 to 2019. However, during this period, a significant increase in R&D expenditure was witnessed. This finding was supported, as the results showed that the average technical efficiency of the 22 enterprises was 0.442, whereas the average pure technical efficiency was at 0.503, thus suggesting that they were suffering from decreasing returns to scale (DRS). In contrast, the performance of the five leading players seemed superior because their average efficiency scores were higher than the industry’s average. Moreover, they were experiencing increasing scale efficiency (IRS). We draw on these findings to suggest to policymakers that supporting technologically intensive sectors should be more than simply increasing investment scale; rather, it should also encompass assisting businesses in developing efficient managerial processes for R&D.

关键词： Data Envelopment Analysis R&D investment efficiency China’s listed lithium battery enterprises technical efficiency pure technical efficiency scale efficiency

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Key technical innovations in the construction of Baihetan Hydropower Station Project

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 367-372 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0253-5

摘要： Key technical innovations in the construction of Baihetan Hydropower Station Project

关键词： ultra-high arch dam columnar jointed basalt low-heat cement concrete temperature controlled crack prevention million-kilowatt unit intelligent construction

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中国铁路高速道岔技术研究

何华武

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第5期页码 23-30

摘要：

高速道岔是高速铁路轨道结构的关键，其结构与状态对列车运行安全和运行品质具有重大影响。文章介绍了高速道岔设计参数和平面线形，扣件、岔枕、道岔转换系统等部件主要结构特征，高速道岔设计理论，相关技术条件及取得的创新成果，对于中国高速铁路道岔的进一步研制、试验验证及推广使用具有重要的指导意义。

关键词：高速铁路高速道岔技术研究

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Development and technical progress in large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler in China

Zhong HUANG, Lei DENG, Defu CHE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 699-714 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0666-3

摘要： Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has realized the clean and efficient utilization of inferior coal like gangue and coal slime, high sulfur coal, anthracite, petroleum coke, oil shale and other resources. As a country with the largest amount of CFB boilers and the largest installed capacity in the world, China has 440 100–600 MW CFB boilers with a total capacity of 82.29 GW , including 227 units of 135 MW , 95 units of 300 MW , and 24 supercritical units. The statistics of typical 100–300 MW CFB boilers showed that the average number of unplanned shut-down was only 0.37 times per year, among which the 135 MW was 0.26 times per year and 300 MW was 0.46 times per year. The auxiliary power ratio of some 300 MW CFB boilers based on flow-pattern reconstruction can be reduced to about 4%, which is closed to the same level of pulverized coal (PC) boilers. This paper summarizes the development process and application status of China’s large-scale CFB boilers, analyzes the characteristics and technical performance of the iconic units, and introduces solutions to the problems such as water wall wear and bottom ash cooling.

关键词： CFB boiler installed capacity reliability economics ultra-low emission China